Lib: 2012/01

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*& Report  ZA000020                                                    *
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report  ZA000020                                .
 
write / TEXT-A01.                    " 文字元件, 類似Resource, 需先建立定義
write / 'Default text value'(A02).   " 同上, 可不先建立定義, 若未建立文字內容, 以引號內的內容為預設值
 
*

建立文字內容的方式有

在source code中, 雙擊文字元件變數, 會跳出對話窗
按yes即可建立
在ABAP Editor(SE38)中, 選擇Text elements建立

text elements 編輯畫面

Introductory Statements for Programs

Program Type	Introductory Statement
Executable Program	REPORT
Module Pool	PROGRAM
Function Group	FUNCTION-POOL
Class Pool	CLASS-POOL
Interface Pool	INTERFACE-POOL
Subroutine Pool	PROGRAM
Type Group	TYPE-POOL
Include Program	-

Internal Table: header line

types: begin of POW,
         NUM type I,
         NUM2 type I,
       end of POW.
data: ITAB type POW occurs 0,
      ROW type POW.
 
do 5 times.
  ROW-NUM = SY-INDEX.
  ROW-NUM2 = SY-INDEX ** 2.
  append ROW to ITAB.
enddo.
 
* ======================================================================
* "ITAB" is a table without a header line and therefore has no component
* ======================================================================
*do 5 times.
*  ITAB-NUM = SY-INDEX + 5.
*  ITAB-NUM2 = ITAB-NUM ** 2.
*  append ITAB.
*enddo.
 
loop at ITAB into ROW.
  write: / 'num:', ROW-NUM left-justified, ', num2:', ROW-NUM2.
endloop.

types: begin of POW,
         NUM type I,
         NUM2 type I,
       end of POW.
data: ITAB type POW occurs 0 with header line,
      ROW type POW.
 
do 5 times.
  ROW-NUM = SY-INDEX.
  ROW-NUM2 = SY-INDEX ** 2.
  append ROW to ITAB.
enddo.
 
do 5 times.
  ITAB-NUM = SY-INDEX + 5.
  ITAB-NUM2 = ITAB-NUM ** 2.
  append ITAB.
enddo.
 
loop at ITAB into ROW.
  write: / 'num:', ROW-NUM left-justified, ', num2:', ROW-NUM2.
endloop.

Internal Table: declare

types ARR type I occurs 10.                   " 定義長度為10的數值table/array
 
types: begin of CONTACT,                      " 定義CONTACT為work area, 並以CONTACT定義內表
         FIRST_NAME(15),
         LAST_NAME(15),
         EMAIL(30),
         TEL type N length 12,
       end of CONTACT,
       CTAB type CONTACT occurs 0.
 
 
data S1 type I occurs 10 with header line.    " 宣告包含header line(work area)的表變數
data S2 type I occurs 10.                     " 宣告無header line的表變數
data S3 type standard table of I.             " 取代舊occurs語法的宣告方式
 
data: begin of EMPLOYEE occurs 10,            " 宣告EMPLOYEE的表變數, 並定義其欄位
        FIRST_NAME(15),
        LAST_NAME(15),
        TEL type N length 12,
      end of EMPLOYEE.

Flow control: loop (while)

data: NUM type I,
      STR(1).
 
while SY-INDEX < 10.
  STR = SY-INDEX.
  NUM = NUM + SY-INDEX.
  if SY-INDEX > 1.
    write '+'.
  endif.
  write STR.
endwhile.
 
write: '=', NUM.

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 =          45

Flow control : loop (do)

data: N1(1),
      N2(1),
      N3(2).
 
do 9 times.
  N1 = SY-INDEX.
  do 9 times.
    N2 = SY-INDEX.
    N3 = N1 * N2.
    write: N1, 'x', N2, '=', N3, '|'.
  enddo.
  write SY-ULINE.
enddo.

data: begin of TEXT,
        WORD1(4) value 'This',
        WORD2(4) value 'is',
        WORD3(4) value 'a',
        WORD4(4) value 'loop',
      end of TEXT.
 
data: STRING1(4), STRING2(4).
 
do 4 times varying STRING1 from TEXT-WORD1 next TEXT-WORD2.
  write STRING1.
  if STRING1 = 'is'.
    STRING1 = 'was'.       " TEXT-WORD2的值也會變更
  endif.
enddo.
    skip.
 
skip.
 
do 2 times varying STRING1 from TEXT-WORD1 next TEXT-WORD3
           varying STRING2 from TEXT-WORD2 next TEXT-WORD4.
  write: STRING1, STRING2.
enddo.

This is   a    loop

This was  a    loop

data: begin of WORD,
        W1(1) value 'a',
        W2(1) value 'b',
        W3(2) value 'c',
        W4(3) value 'd',
        W5(4) value 'e',
      end of WORD.
 
data LEN type I.
describe field WORD length LEN in character mode.       " 以文字模式計算物件長度
 
data STR2(1).
do len times varying STR2 from WORD-W1 next WORD-W2.    " STR2, WORD-W1, WORD-W2的類型及長度需相同
  write: '(' no-gap,  STR2 no-gap, ')'.
enddo.

(a) (b) (c) ( ) (d) ( ) ( ) (e) ( ) ( ) ( )

Flow control : if / case

if ... elseif ... else ... endif

data AGE type I value '12'.
 
if AGE < 0.
  write 'Illegal value'.
elseif AGE >= 0 and AGE < 18.
  write 'Sorry, this is adult only.'.
else.
  write 'Hi, wellcome.'.
endif.

case ... when .... when others ... endcase

data S(2) value 'F'.
 
case S.                      " case sensitive
  when 'F'.
    write / 'Hi, girl.'.
  when 'M'.
    write / 'Hi, boy.'.
  when others.
    write / 'Who it is?'.
endcase.

data: NAME(20) value 'source',
      SOURCE(10) value 'Bruce',
      TARGET(10).
 
write (NAME) to TARGET.   " write ('source') to TARGET.
write / TARGET.           " 'Bruce' will be printed

data: S1(10) value '0123456789',
      S2(10).
 
S2 = S1.            " move S1 to S2.
write / S2.
clear S2.
 
S2 = S1+5(5).       " move S1+5(5) to S2.
write / S2.
 
S2+5(5) = S1(5).    " move S1(5) to S2+5.
write / S2.
clear S2.

0123456789
56789
5678901234

data: begin of ADDRESS,
        FIRST_NAME(10) value 'Bruce',
        LAST_NAME(10) value 'Tsai',
        TEL(12) value '28883912',
      end of ADDRESS.
 
data: begin of ACCOUNT,
        FIRST_NAME(10),
        LAST_NAME(10),
        EMAIL(50),
      end of ACCOUNT.
 
move-corresponding ADDRESS to ACCOUNT.
write / ACCOUNT-FIRST_NAME.
write / ACCOUNT-LAST_NAME.

Bruce
Tsai

函數	說明
ABS(N)	絕對值
SIGN(N)	N>0 : 1, N=0 : 0, N<0 : -1
CEIL(N)	大於N的最小整數值
FLOOR(N)	小於N的最大整數值
TRUNC(N)	整數部份
FRAC(N)	小數部份
COS(N)	餘弦
SIN(N)	正弦
TAN(N)	正切
EXP(N)	e^N
LOG(N)	log_eN
LOG10(N)	logN
SQRT(N)	N的平方根

include .
include .
write: / 'Phone Symbole:', SYM_PHONE as symbol.
write: / 'Alarm Icon:', ICON_ALARM as icon.

語法:

write at [/][<pos>][(<len>)] output

用法:

write 'Bruce'.                    " 輸出常數

Bruce

data CNAME(10) value 'James'.
write: / CNAME, 'is busy.'.       " 輸出變數, 多個值

James      is busy.

data NUM(10) value '0123456789'.
write / NUM.                      " 輸出變數
write /5 NUM.                     " 在位置5的地方輸出變數
write /(5) NUM.                   " 輸出5字元變數
write /5(5) NUM.                  " 在位置5的地方輸出5字元變數

定義資料類型(EMPLOYEE):

TYPES dtype [TYPE type|LIKE dobj] ...

types: begin of EMPLOYEE,          " type definition
         WID(10) type C,
         FIRST_NAME(15) type C,
         LAST_NAME(15) type C,
         AGE type I,
       end of EMPLOYEE.
data EMP1 type EMPLOYEE.           " declare variant
types EMP like EMP1.               " type definition using exist variant
data EMP2 like EMP1.               " declare variant using exist variant

宣告變數(EMPLOYEE):

DATA var [{TYPE type}|{LIKE dobj}] ...

data: begin of EMPLOYEE,           " declare variant with structs
        WID(10) type C,
        FIRST_NAME(15) type C,
        LAST_NAME(15) type C,
        AGE type I,
      end of EMPLOYEE.
data EMP3 like EMPLOYEE.           " declare variant using exist variant

宣告常數:

constants: CNAME(10) value 'Bruce',
           BIRTHDAY type D value '19650201'.
 
constants: begin of MYADDRESS,
             NAME     type C length 20 value 'Fred Flintstone',
             STREET   type C length 20 value 'Cave Avenue',
             NUMBER   type P           value  11,
             POSTCODE type N length 5  value  98765,
             CITY     type C length 20 value  'Bedrock',
           end of MYADDRESS.

宣告表格:

tables: SPFL.                " load from ABAP/4 Dictionary
select * from SPFL.          " iterator data
  write: SPFL-MANDT,
         SPFL-CARRID,
         SPFL-CONNECTION.
endselect.